Cell Size Limitations
Where do cells come from? According to the cell theory, "All cells come from pre-existing cells." Incredible as it seems, every cell was produced by mitosis from a small number of cells called stem cells. Stem cells are unspecialized cells that have the potential to differentiate (become different). These cells are the first cells an embryo has. They produce every tissue in the body. There is evidence that stem cells are also found in adults. Stem cells in bone marrow, for example, produce more than a dozen type of blood cells, replacing those lost to normal wear and tear.
When a living thing grows, what happens to it cells? Does an animal get larger because each cell increases in size or because it produces more of them? In most cases, living things grow by producing more cells. On average, the cells of an adult animal or no larger than those of a young animal – there are just more of them.
Why don't cells grow until they explode? When a cell is small, the information stored in its DNA is able to meet all of the cells needs. As the cell increases in size (grows), it usually does not make extra copies of DNA. If a cell would grow continuously (without stopping); It would run out of information. Picture this: suppose a small town has a library of a few thousand books. If more people keep moving into town, the library would not have enough books for everyone to check out. There another reason why the size of cells is limited. You may remember that food, oxygen, and water enter a cell through its cell membrane. Waste products also leave through the cell membrane. When a cell is too big the cell has trouble moving enough nutrients and wastes across the cell membrane. In the end a cell cannot continue to grow indefinitely (forever), so it divides.
Ratio of surface area to volume. Understanding the relationship between a cells volume and its surface area is the key to understanding why cells must divide as they grow. How fast (rate) nutrients enter and waste leaves a cell is determined by its surface area or total area. To calculate the surface area use the formula (length multiplied by width multiplied by six equals centimeters squared). The rate at which the nutrients are used up and waste is produced (made) is determined by the volume of the cell. To calculate the volume use the formula (length multiplied by width multiplied by height equals centimeters cubed). As the length of a cell increases, it's volume increases faster than its surface area. This decrease in the sales ratio of surface area to volume makes it more difficult to move needed materials in and waste products out.
When a living thing grows, what happens to it cells? Does an animal get larger because each cell increases in size or because it produces more of them? In most cases, living things grow by producing more cells. On average, the cells of an adult animal or no larger than those of a young animal – there are just more of them.
Why don't cells grow until they explode? When a cell is small, the information stored in its DNA is able to meet all of the cells needs. As the cell increases in size (grows), it usually does not make extra copies of DNA. If a cell would grow continuously (without stopping); It would run out of information. Picture this: suppose a small town has a library of a few thousand books. If more people keep moving into town, the library would not have enough books for everyone to check out. There another reason why the size of cells is limited. You may remember that food, oxygen, and water enter a cell through its cell membrane. Waste products also leave through the cell membrane. When a cell is too big the cell has trouble moving enough nutrients and wastes across the cell membrane. In the end a cell cannot continue to grow indefinitely (forever), so it divides.
Ratio of surface area to volume. Understanding the relationship between a cells volume and its surface area is the key to understanding why cells must divide as they grow. How fast (rate) nutrients enter and waste leaves a cell is determined by its surface area or total area. To calculate the surface area use the formula (length multiplied by width multiplied by six equals centimeters squared). The rate at which the nutrients are used up and waste is produced (made) is determined by the volume of the cell. To calculate the volume use the formula (length multiplied by width multiplied by height equals centimeters cubed). As the length of a cell increases, it's volume increases faster than its surface area. This decrease in the sales ratio of surface area to volume makes it more difficult to move needed materials in and waste products out.
Surface area is length x width x 6 =cm^2
Volume is length x width x height = cm^3
Cell 1 :
SA: 6 x 6 x 6 = 216cm^2
V : 216cm^2
Cell 2 :
SA: 24in^2
Volume: 8in^3
SA: 24in^2
Volume: 8in^3
Cell 3
SA: 150cm^2
V : 125cm^3
SA: 150cm^2
V : 125cm^3
The cell with the smallest measurement will be the best at maintaining homeostasis. This will be cell number two. The cell with the largest measurements will be the least efficient at maintaining homeostasis. This will be cell number one.
Controlling the Cell cycle
Couldn't do Game chart because I don't have a computer and it tells me I need adobe on my phone and I can't download it.