Carbohydrates - organic molecules that are the main source of energy.
Monosaccarides are the monomers of carbohydrates.
Carbohydrates are made up of glucose, fructose, and galactose.
Monosaccarides are the monomers of carbohydrates.
Carbohydrates are made up of glucose, fructose, and galactose.
Carbohydrates
The three carbohydrates are monosaccharides, disaccharides, and polysaccharides. The difference between the 3 is how many sugars they have. Monosaccharides have one, disaccharides have two, and polysaccharides have 3 or more.
Lipids : organic molecules that are the secondary source of energy ; they also provide insulation.
The monomers of lipids are fatty acids and glycerol.
Groups of lipids:
- Triglycerides- made up of fatty acids and glycerol
- Phospholipids - made up of one glycerol and 2 fatty acids
- Steroids - composed of four fused rings of carbon
- Waxes - not polar, protection for plants and animals
Lipids are hydrophobic. This means they REPEL water.
Proteins are organic molecules that catalyze reactions, transport oxygen, and repair and build tissue. The monomers of proteins are amino acids. Peptide bonds hold the adjacent amino acids together in the polypeptide chain.
Proteins can form 4 types of structures ; primary, secondary, tertiary, and quaternary structures.
Nucleic Acids : organic molecules that store hereditary materials
Nucleotides are the monomers of nucleic acids
Nucleic Acids carry genetic info and combine with proteins to make ribosomes
Structure of nucleotide :
ATP molecules transport chemical energy in cells
DNA replicates hereditary info
RNA compliment the DNA templates
Nucleotides are the monomers of nucleic acids
Nucleic Acids carry genetic info and combine with proteins to make ribosomes
Structure of nucleotide :
- a phosphate
- pentose sugar
- base
ATP molecules transport chemical energy in cells
DNA replicates hereditary info
RNA compliment the DNA templates